Day2

Abstract

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis(ALS) remains a terminal disease without an established etiology for the majority of patients. The dominant theory of ALS before the 1970’s was the presence of a poison. One of the primary means of treating patients with a toxic exposure has been plasma exchange, but plasma exchange of ALS patients failed to alter the clinical course. The failure of plasma exchange assumes the patient is no longer exposed to the poison. If the exposure to poisons continued, then plasma exchange alone would fail. I found laboratory evidence of a poisoning in every patient with ALS examined. A search for specific poisons found evidence of mycotoxins. Treatment with antifungal agents corrected the laboratory findings. All of the ALS patients had evidence of immune suppression. There is mounting evidence that many mycotoxins cause both neurotoxicity and immune suppression. These mycotoxins may be able to explain the full spectrum of pathology in ALS without a secondary event.

Abstract

Burkholderia gladioli was described as a plant pathogen, and it is a rare cause of infection in humans that is primarily associated with human pulmonary infections, such as chronic granulomatous disease and cystic fibrosis. The neonatal respiratory system is not fully developed and cannot expel bacterial aerosol properly. A total of 2,676 newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit were retrospectively analysed in Putian City, Fujian Province, China, from 2011 to 2014. All of the blood samples were tested for C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT) and white blood cell (WBC). B. gladioli infections were determined and analysed using a blood culture system. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the K-B method. Of the 2,676 participants, 87 (3.25 %) had a positive B. gladioli blood culture that occurred >72 h after birth, including a premature group (54.0 %, asphyxia [vs. 9.20 %], fever [vs. 13.80 %], pneumonia [vs. 6.90 %] and hyperbilirubinaemia [vs. 8.05 %]) and newborns with necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) (vs. 5.75 %). The mean±standard deviation (SD) of the CRP level was 12.31±0.26 mg/L and that of the PCT level was 1.53±0.21 ng/ml in the 87 B. gladioli-infected newborns. Most of the B. gladioli isolates were sensitive to many antimicrobial agents and did not lead to serious consequences. All of the B. gladioli-infected newborns were unhealthy, especially the premature infants. B. gladioli might be a causative bacteraemia agent in neonates, it appears to have pathogenic potential in newborns and its sensitivity to antibiotics may be a beneficial factor.

Biography

Zhou fangye, female, graduated from pathogenic biology of Peking Union Medical College in 2012, and now works in Chengdu Second People’s hospital. He mainly engaged in the research of pathogenic biology and infectious diseases, published 5 SCI papers and presided over 3 scientific research projects.

Abstract

Background: Hypoxic microenvironment is a common feature of solid tumors, which leads to the promotion of cancer. The transcription factor, HIF-1α, expressed under hypoxic conditions stimulates tumor angiogenesis, favoring HIF-1α as a promising anticancer agent. On other hand, synthetic Indolephenoxyacetamide derivatives are known for their pharmacological potentiality. With this background here, we have synthesized, characterized, and validated the new IPA (8a-n) analogs for anti-tumor activity. Methods: The new series of IPA (8a-n) were synthesized through a multi-step reaction sequence and characterized based on the different spectroscopic analysis FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR, mass spectra, and elemental analyses. Cell-based screening of IPA (8a-n) was assessed by MTT assay. Anti-angiogenic efficacy of IPA (8k) validated through CAM, Rat corneal, tube formation and migration assay. The underlying molecular mechanism is validated through zymogram and IB studies. The in-vivo anti-tumor activity was measured in the DLA solid tumor model. Results: Screening for anti-proliferative studies inferred, IPA (8k) is a lead molecule with an IC50 value of ˜5 μM. Anti-angiogenic assays revealed the angiopreventive activity through inhibition of HIF-1α and modulation downstream regulatory genes, VEGF, MMPs, and P53. The results are confirmative in an in-vivo solid tumor model. Conclusion: The IPA (8k) is a potent anti-proliferative molecule with anti-angiogenic activity and specifically targets HIF1α, thereby modulates its downstream regulatory genes both in-vitro and in-vivo. The study provides scope for new target-specific drug development against HIF-1α for the treatment of solid tumors.

Biography

Fares Hezam Al-Ostoot, Obtained his MSc at SRTM University in 2015 goting first class with distinction, and he is a Ph.D. research scholar, currently works at the Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mysore University, Mysuru, India. He joined as an assistant professor at Al-Baydha University, Yemen in 2008. He is an academic lecturer in the Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Education and Science, University of Al-Baydaah, Yemen. He has published more than 34 research articles in reputed journals.

Abstract

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is a bacterium that is difficult to defeat. It is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality and is the primary cause of Tuberculosis (TB). Elective curative methodologies are increasingly securing drug hindrance for TB requests. The use of medicinal plants in the treatment of TB to fortify chemotherapy regimens has been studied. The study presented was carried out to investigate the efficacy of the family plant Amaranthaceae against Invitro and Insilico anti-tuberculosis activity. Plant extracts were prepared in various solvents from aerial and root components tested for total phenolic and flavonoid content (TPC & TFC). Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against various strains of MTB determined the effectiveness of plant extract and the higher MIC extract was studied for phytoconstituents. Their targeted Mtb proteins were characterized by molecular docking and clarifying the mechanism behind bacterial growth inhibition. The targeted bacterial protein will be characterized biochemically and biophysically. Amaranthaceae plant methanol extract was successively fractionated in different solvents and the ethyl acetate faction showed high TPC and TFC concentrations and maximum anti-tuberculosis activity in (ATCC 27294) strain. Molecular docking evaluated the top 10 targeted bacterial proteins with binding affinity (>-8.5 Kcal/mol) with respective phytoconstituents. In biophysical activities therefore the selected compound has showed the significant outcome for utilize in antituberculosis approaches. The study accomplishes that Ethyl acetate exhibited promising antituberculosis activity and can further utilize in pharmacology field for effective treatment against TB. Targeted protein of the identified compounds was determined which will be helpful in further accentuate their mechanism of action in virulence.

Biography

Md Amjad Beg is a PhD student in CIRBSc, Jamia Millia Islamia University New Delhi, India. He has 16 publication which is in peer reviewed journals. His scientific interests focus on the field of Medicinal Chemistry, Microbiology, Molecular Biology and Computational Biology. His main objectives are to understand the working mechanism and effectiveness of plant extract and natural compounds over Mycobacterium (MTB). Due to the limitation of a drug for this malady, this study might be a beneficial step towards understanding the impact of these proteins and phytochemicals over bacterium.

Abstract

With the advancement of the Covid-19 pandemic, this work aims to find molecules that can inhibit the attraction between the Spike proteins of the SARS-COV-2 virus and human ACE2. The results of molecular docking positioned four molecules at the interaction site Tyr-491(Spike)-Glu-37(ACE2) and one at the site Gly-488(Spike)-Lys-353(ACE2). The QTAIM and IQA data showed that the 1629 molecule had a significant inhibitory effect on the Gly488-Ly353 site, decreasing the Laplacian of the electronic density of the BCP O4 -N10 . The molecule 2542 showed an inhibitory effect in two regions of interaction of the Tyr491-Glu37 site, acting on the BCPs H30-H33 and O8-H31 while the ligand 2600, in conformation 26, presented a similar effect only on the BCP O8-H31 of that same interactive site. Thus, the data suggest laboratory tests of a combination of molecules that can act at two sites of interaction simultaneously, using the combination of 1629/2542 and 1629/2600 ligands.

Biography

Professor Sergio Henrique Dias Marques Faria received a bachelor’s degree in Chemistry at the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP-BRAZIL). Faria did a Master and Doctorate in Theoretical Chemistry applied to Spectroscopy (UNICAMP). As Titular Professor at Universidade Paulista, Faria worked on the application of Molecular Docking calculations combined with electronic density (DFT) to quantify the interaction of antineoplastic agents with DNA fragments to clarify chemical mechanisms and new drug developments. These methods were used to develop drugs to inhibit SARS-COV-2 infection. Currently, Faria also works as a Postdoctoral Researcher at the University of São Paulo with atomic partition models for the study of singlet oxygen formation through photosensitizers.

Abstract

In the era of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the management of cardiac implantable electronic devices infections with concomitant viral infection has not been completely defined yet. In this explorable context, we report the first experience of a Cardiac resynchronization therapy with defibrillator (CRT-D) implantation after transvenous lead extraction for endocarditis in a COVID-19 patient. We describe both the measures and procedures implemented to reduce the cross-infection in the operating room and our clinical practice to improving procedure effectiveness on patient care.

Biography

Graduated from the Faculty of Medicine and Surgery at the University of Naples “Federico II” and then further specialised in Cardiology. Dr. Stefano De Vivo for 30 years has taken care of his patients with dedication and passion. As a cardiologist he keeps himself updated with all new developments, specialising in Arrhythmology and diseases of the cardiovascular system. Today he is a first level manager at the “Azienda Ospedaliera dei Colli” in Naples where he has obtained the function for the management and extraction of CIED (cardiac implantable electronic devices).

Abstrat

Background: the search for predictors of malaria outcome is essential, because a successful, inexpensive, fast and easy to measure predictive test, with minimal infrastructure requirements or specialized training, can be used in malaria endemic environments to reduce serious outcomes and reducing the impact of the disease in poor countries like Angola. Objective: analyze whether vital signs and biochemical markers can be easily predictors of malaria outcome. Methodology: the study was a cross-sectional study and quantitative approach in 194 patients hospitalized for malaria evaluated in five of the seven days of follow-up. Descriptive statistics were computed using the SPSS v20.0 statistical programs and graphs in the Sigmaplot 12.0. Results: of the 194 patients followed, 68 were discharged, 22 died and 104 remained hospitalized after 7 days of follow-up, the mean parasitemia value was higher among patients whose outcome was death (2,909 p/mm3, SD=45) when compared to patients who were discharged (2,258 p/mm3, SD=3,301) and patients who remained hospitalized at the end of the study (1,269, SD=1,557), the mean of parasitemia at the end of the study was less than 60 p/mm3. The highest mean of creatinine was observed in patients who died both on admission (3.7 mg/dL, SD=1.8), compared to patients who remained in hospital (1.8 mg/dL, SD=2.3) and patients were discharged from the hospital (1.5 mg/dL, SD=1.9), however, although there were some changes over the follow-up period, the final mean creatinine of the study was greater than 1.6 mg/dL in all groups and the highest among those who had died (2.8 mg/dL, SD=1.8). Patients who died had a higher mean urea value at admission (78.3 mg/dL, SD=54.9), compared with patients who had been hospitalized (52.3 mg/dL, SD=41.7) and patients were discharged from hospital (48.1 mg/dL, SD=44.9), however, although there were some changes over the follow-up period, the final mean urea in all groups was greater than 44 mg/dL in all groups, especially in patients, died (74 mg/dL, SD=56). The highest mean temperature value was observed in patients who died (37.7ºC, SD = 1.7), compared to the temperature of hospitalized patients (37ºC, SD = 1.2) and patients who were discharged from hospital (36.8ºC , SD = 1.2), at the end of the study, the final mean temperature in all groups was above 36.6 ºC. Another vital sign that presented a higher mean of greater value in patients who died were respiratory cycles (22.7 cycles/min, SD=3.7), compared to the temperature of hospitalized patients (21.6 cycles/min, SD=4.1) and patients discharged from hospital (21.2 cycles/min, SD=3.5), at the end of the follow-up the final average of respiratory cycles in all groups was greater than 21.1 cycles/min. The mean weight of patients who were discharged from death was the highest observed in the study (69 kg, SD = 13), when compared to patients who were discharged and who were hospitalized (less than 64.7 kg, SD less than 11.8), at the end of the follow-up, the patients average weight did not change.The highest mean systolic blood pressure value was observed in patients who remained hospitalized (140.9 mmHg, SD=37), however patients who were discharged and patients who died, had similar mean systolic pressure (133.2 mmHg, SD=34) and at the end of the follow-up, the mean systolic pressure in all groups was less than 128 mmHg. Diastolic pressure did not show a big difference between the three groups of patients followed (less than 83 mmHg, SD less than 29) in patients who were discharged, who died, and who remained hospitalized, at the end of the follow-up, the mean pressure diastolic in all groups was less than 79.4 mmHg. The mean oxygen saturation value also did not show much difference between patients who were discharged, who died and who remained hospitalized (greater than 98%, SD less than 3.2), at the end of the follow-up the average desaturation of oxygen in all groups remained above 98.2%. Conclusions: markers such as parasitemia, urea and creatinine, associated with vital signs such as temperature, pulse, stroke cycles, weight and systolic blood pressure seem to be predictors of outcomes in the population studied, especially on admission, however they vary over time and therefore there are needs for further studies to assess the extent to which these predictors are important signs of outcomes. Vital signs such as temperature, pulse, breathing cycles and systolic blood pressure were shown to be initial predictors of outcomes and biochemical markers such as urea and creatinine appeared to be permanent predictors of outcomes, which is why poor countries like Angola where in most hospital units do not offer conditions for carrying out laboratory tests, the use of predictors such as these can make a difference in the medical and medication approach and reduce the impact of malaria on patients’ lives.
Keywords: I. vital signs II. biochemical markers III. easily predictors IV. malaria outcome.

Biography

PhD in Health Sciences by the Graduate Program of the School of Medicine of PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO PARANÁ (PUCPR) in 2017. Master’s Degree in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology by the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at the School of Biological Sciences and Health UNIVERSITY FEDERAL DO PARANÁ (UFPR) in 2014. Postgraduate (Specialization) in Clinical and General Microbiology by the School of Biosciences at PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO PARANÁ (PUCPR) in 2012. Postgraduate (Specialization) in Health Surveillance by the FACULDADE DE CIENCES DE WENCESLAU BRAZ (FACIBRA) in 2017. Graduation in Nursing from the SUPERIOR HEALTH SCIENCES INSTITUTE of UNIVERSITY AGOSTINHO NETO (ISCISA/UAN) in 2010. Graduation in Pedagogy from the FACULTY OF SCIENCES OF WENCESLAU BRAZ (FACIBRA) in 2017. He is post-doctoral student in Health Sciences at the School of Medicine of PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO PARANÁ (PUCPR). He is currently a professor at the INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE HEALTH SCIENCES/UNIVERSIDADE AGOSTINHO NETO. He has experience in the area of General Nursing, with an emphasis on Urgent and Emergency Care, Public Health and Intensive Care. He has experience in service administration and head of nursing teams, especially in Urgent and Emergency Care and has also worked in intensive care. He has experience in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and General Microbiology, working mainly in teaching, laboratory research and hospital care. He works with research projects focused on comorbidity and mortality in malaria, Acute Kidney Injury in malaria, CKD, Polymorphism of blood groups and susceptibility to malaria, sickle cell anemia and malaria and other projects.

Abstract

Since the outbreak of Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) infection in December 2019 in Wuhan, the capital Hubei province, central of China, more than 4 million people have contracted the virus worldwide. Despite the imposed precautions, coronavirus disease-19 is rapidly spreading with human-to-human transmission resulting in more than 290,000 death as of May 13, 2020 according to World Health Organization (WHO). The aim of this study was to revise the characteristic imaging features of Sever Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) during their outbreak, and to compare them with that of COVID- 19, to familiarize radiologists with the imaging spectrum of corona-virus syndromes. This study will help in more understanding and characterisation of COVID-19 to support the global efforts in combating its worldwide outbreak.

Biography

Dr. Osama Abdalla Mabrouk Kheiralla, Consultant Radiologist, Assistant Professor of Radiology – Radiological Sciences Department – College of Applied Medical Sciences – Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University – KSA. I am very interested in academic activities, especially research studies. I am very talented in conveying information and have very good ability to create good bonds with my students. I have supervised many research projects done by students’ groups. I have very wide experience in all radiological aspects including MRI and Spiral CT as well as all Ultrasound investigations. I have excellent experience in non-vascular intervention procedures like drain and biopsy from different body parts and nephrostomy tube insertion as well as ultrasound guided biopsy and CT guided biopsy. I believe that that learning is a process that never ends, and the good practitioner must never stop learning and should always try to keep on improving. Teaching is full of surprises and new situations, and one must be ready to adapt and discover new strategies of teaching. What remains true is the importance of understanding how to relate one’s knowledge to daily life practice.

Abstract

In aqueous media, phospholipids are self-assembled into lipid bilayers. In biological membranes, proteins are hidden in lipid bilayers. It is well known that each protein and lipid have distinct characters. From the structures and functions study, it is revealed that different types of intermolecular interactions, viz. H-bond, van der Waals, hydrophobic, hydrophilic interactions play a significant role in the ability of these molecules. The DSC and dielectric spectroscopic techniques were used to study the gel-liquid crystal phase transition and the dynamics of DPPC molecules in aqueous media. The gel-gel pre-transition and gel-liquid crystal main transition were found from DSC study are strongly supported by x-ray measurement studied by Janiak et al. [Biochemistry, 15, 4575 (1976)] and present dielectric study from the temperature-dependent dielectric relaxation strength, relaxation time and symmetric shape parameter of the relaxation functions. From the complex dielectric study, four relaxation processes were observed from 40 Hz to 30 GHz frequency, which were ascribed to different molecular mechanisms, related to the structural units of the system. Surprisingly, relaxation process 3 observed near 10 MHz region due to motion of ions, which are related to the molecular motion of the lipid makes the bridge between lipid membrane and non-biological systems like ferroelectric liquid crystals. The process 3 is analogous to the variation of the soft mode observed in ferroelectric liquid crystals which was detected close to smectic-C*–smectic-A phase transition region. It is also interesting to find some physical properties of lipids such as depression of melting point, change of bilayer thickness, effect of domain structure, pH, etc. are strongly influenced by anesthetic molecules.

Biography

Dr. Shyamal Kumar Kundu is a Professor and Division chair in the Department of Physics, Galgotias University, Uttar Pradesh, India. Prior to that, he received Ph.D. degree from Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India. He was a postdoc at NCTU, Taiwan 2005, JSPS postdoc at Tokai University, Japan (2005-2007), Research Associate at Neutron Science Laboratory, The University of Tokyo, Japan (2007-2009), Research Scientist at the Jülich Center for Neutron Science (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany (2009-2012). He has received “Young Scientist Award” by Materials Research Society, Kolkata, India, “JSPS award” by JSPS, the Government of Japan and also “Bharat Ratna Dr. Abdul Kalam Gold Medal Award” by Global Economic Progress and Research Association, India. His scientific interests focus on the physical properties and the molecular dynamics of complex molecular systems like biomaterials, liquid crystals, gels, star like colloids and micelles. His expertise areas are Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy, Rheology, Neutron Scattering and Light Scattering.

Abstract

Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of a proposed bevacizumab biosimilar to those of the reference
product in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC).
Methods:
This Phase III, multicenter, randomized, double-blind (patient- and assessor-blind), active controlled, 2-armed, parallel group, noninferiority trial was conducted in patients with histologically verified colorectal cancer with evidence of at least 1 metastasis. Patients with mCRC were randomized 2:1 to receive 5 mg/kg IV of either study drug plus FOLFIRI-3 (with repeated irinotecan 100 mg/m2
60-min infusion on day 3) or the reference drug plus FOLFIRI-3 every 2 weeks for 1 year. Progression-free survival (PFS) was the primary end point, and overall survival, objective response rate, and time to treatment failure as well as safety and immunogenicity were
secondary end points. The population assessable for PFS was per protocol, and the intention-to-treat population was used for sensitivity
analysis. Safety was assessed based on reports of adverse events, laboratory test results, and vital sign measurements.
Findings:
A total of 126 patients were enrolled; PFS values in the biosimilar and reference arms were 232 days (7.7 months) and 210
days (7 months), respectively (P = 0.47). The hazard ratio of the biosimilar arm versus the reference arm was 0.79 in the per-protocol
population (90% CI, 0.46-1.35; P = 0.47). The upper limit for the 2- sided 90% CI was lower than the margin of 1.44, indicating that the
biosimilar drug was noninferior to the reference drug. The hazard ratio for overall survival in the intent-to-treat population was 0.99 (95% CI, 0.55-1.80; P = 0.99). The difference between other efficacy end points among the groups was not statistically significant. No significant difference was observed in the comparison of the two arms for safety. The antidrug antibody was positive in 1 patient in each arm.
Implications:
The proposed biosimilar BE1040V was noninferior to the reference product in terms of efficacy in the treatment of mCRC, and
tolerability was comparable between the 2 drugs.

Biography

Doctor Sina Salari was born in Tehran in 1973 and got accepted to Isfahan Medical University in 2000. In 2007 he completed his specialty
training in Internal Medicine at Tehran University and completed his 3 years fellowship in Hematology and Oncology at Shahid Beheshti
Medical University, graduating with distinction in 2012. He was appointed as “Assistant Professor” and “Faculty member” in 2013. His
responsibilities from 2013 to 2020 include the followings: Director of the deputy of treatment of Oncology-Hematology and BMT department, Physician in charge of the international patients’ department (IPD), Head of the internal department and responsible
authorized physician of Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital. Some of his achievements in his field are as below: Presenting variety of lectures
in national seminars, publishing more than 30 research articles in national and international journals, Attaining ESMO, ASCO, ASBMT,
and APBMT membership. Dr.Salari has a particular interest in gastrointestinal and breast cancer. He has also widely researched in
lymphoma and multiple myeloma treatments and Cell therapy. He is member of the Cancer-Immunotherapy scientific committee and
organized the first cancer Immunotherapy Congress in Shiraz in 2019.
Dr.Salari performed the first research on the Monoclonal Antibody drug “Rituximab” for treating patients with lymphoma in Iran in 2011.
He is also involved in most studies related to Biosimilar medicines for cancers, collaborating with Iran Food and drug administration as a
consultant. He wrote the first RCT paper on the biosimilar drug of “Stivant” which was published in the Clinical Therapeutics journal in
2020.

Abstract

Objectives: This study analyzed Protease-PR and Reverse Transcriptase-RT HIV-1 genomic information entropy metrics among patients under antiretroviral virologic failure, according to the numbers of virologic failures or resistance mutations.
Methods: For this purpose, we used genomic sequences from PR and RT of HIV-1 from a cohort of chronic patients followed up at Sao Paulo Hospital. Results: Informational entropy proportionally increases with the number of antiretroviral virologic failures in PR and RT (p < .001). Affected regions of PR were related to catalytic and structural functions, such as Fulcrum (K20) Flap (M46) and Cantilever (A71). In RT, this occurred at Fingers (E44) and Palm (K219). Informational entropy increases according to the number of resistance mutations in PR and RT (p < .001). Higher PR entropy was proportional to the resistance mutation numbers in Fulcrum (L10), Active site (L24) Flap (M46), Cantilever (L63) and near Interface (L90). In RT, they related to regions responsible for protein stability such as Fingers (T39) and Palm (L100). Conclusions: The antiretroviral selective pressure affects HIV genomic informational entropy at the PR and RT regions, leading to the emergence of more unstable virions. Mapping the three-dimensional structure in these HIV-1 proteins is relevant to designing new antiretroviral targeting resistant strains. Biography

Research Interests: My research line involves the analysis of genomic signatures evolution of molecules and specific sites and epitopes selection and recognition for development of vaccines efficiency and anti-HIV drugs. I´m very motivated and interested in various Science projects and research experiments. I´m currently working on projects that involves the genome viral evolution and nanotechnology to HIV vaccine at University of Sao Paulo and Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo in collaboration to Telecommunications and Control Engineering Department, Engineering School, both in Brazil.